In Origin8, you can use X-Function vfind to find the row number in the first worksheet corresponding to cells of the second worksheet. For your example, suppose that the first worksheet is in Book1, second is in Book2, script can be as follows.
range r1=[Book1]1!;
r1.ncols=r1.ncols+1;
range r2b=[Book2]1!col(B);
nr=r2b.GetSize();
range r1b=[Book1]1!col(B);
range r1c=[Book1]1!col(3);
range r2c=[Book2]1!col(C);
for( i=1; i<= nr; i++)
{
vfind ix:=r1b value:=r2b[i] ox:=vr;
ir=vr[1];
r1c[ir]=r2c[i];
}
Sam
OriginLab Technical Services